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Week 5 - The Arts & Crafts Movement
Assessment
One: To select a classic design example from the
Industrial Revolution through to the 1930's, and present
to the class a tutorial on your chosen design. The presentation
is to be 15 minutes in duration. During the presentation
you need to discuss the following:·
- Identify
the designer or maker
- Identify
the design period and style
- Identify
the key technological / scientific developments if
appropriate
- Discuss
the materials and manufacturing processes
- Briefly
discuss the designer of the piece
- Submit
a list of references or Bibliography in Harvard format.
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The
Red House
Tutorial Presentation
Red
House: "more of a poem than a house"..... Dante Gabriel Rossetti
The
Red House epitomises all that the Arts & Crafts Movement
represented. It was recently acquired by the National Trust
and has been restored as a museum.
Designer/s:
The
house itself was designed by the architect Philip Webb,
although the owner, William Morris was very much involved in
it's planning and design. The furnishings and fixtures were
intrinsic to the house, and these were designed by William
Morris himself, as well as his friends Dante Gabriel
Rossetti and Edward Burne-Jones (founding members
of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood).
www.pre-raphaelitesociety.org
Design
Period and Style:
The
Arts & Craft Movement was politically based rather than
evolving as an art/design style. It was linked to the Fine Arts
Movement of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, a "secret"
society of artists. The key features were "the cult of
the Medieval" and a return to simplicity and restrained
beauty rather than the fussy overdecoration of High Victorian
style.
www.artscrafts.org.uk/roots/ideas.html
Key
Scientific/Technological Developments:
The
Arts and Craft Movement was a reaction against
many of the scientific and technological developments that were
happening at the time in Victorian England. For example, manufacturing
processes had enabled mass production for the first time in
industries as diverse as textiles, furniture production and
printing.
Materials
and Manufacturing Processes:
The
Movement was opposed to this industrialisation and wanted a
return to production methods from earlier centuries - for example,
printing wallpapers by hand with wooden blocks.
The
Arts & Craft Movement rediscovered many long-forgotten manufacturing
processes, and established medieval-style guilds to revive craftsmanship.
See:
www.lbwf.gov.uk/wmg/photos2.htm
Discuss
the Designer:
Philip
Speakman Webb (1831-1915) was born in Oxford, the son of
a doctor. With William Morris, he founded the Society for the
Protection of Ancient Buildings, which still operates today:
www.spab.org.uk
His
architectural style was very minimalist for it's time. Often
his buildings had a Gothic style, although he also experimented
with Queen Anne styles too. The most distinctive feature of
his work was a lack of ornamentation in a period when the mainstream
of design was to embellish wherever possible.
Another
building on which this group collaborated was St Martin's Church
in Brampton, United Kingdom:
www.visitcumbria.com/car/stmart.htm
Useless
But Interesting Fact:
Morris
built the Red House to fulfill his dream of an Arthurian idyll,
but tragically it became all too real, in the tradition of Guinevere
and Lancelot. His beautiful wife, Jane Burden (model for many
Pre-Raphaelite paintings) is said to have fallen in love with
his best friend, Dante Gabriel Rossetti when he came to live
with them at the Red House after being widowed. Although Morris
couldn't divorce her - it would have been a scandal in Victorian
England - they sold the Red House after only five years. The
idyll was shattered and Morris, supposedly heartbroken, threw
himself into his work.
www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/walker/exhibitions/rossetti/works/morris.asp
faculty.pittstate.edu/~knichols/lizzie.html
Bibliography
- Formatted per Harvard Referencing System
Books:
Adams,
S., 1987, The Arts & Crafts Movement, London: New
Burlington Books.
Chartwell Books, 1998, The Pre-Raphaelites, New Jersey:
Chartwell Books.
Morris, B., 1989, Liberty Design, London: Pyramid.
Poulson, C., 1989, William Morris, London: New Burlington
Books.
Online:
Anonymous,
2000? Red House [online], United Kingdom: Unknown. Available
from: www.rebs.demon.co.uk
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
Bennett,
D., 2003 Ideas & Principles [online], United Kingdom:
Bennett, D. Available from: www.artscrafts.org.uk/roots/ideas.html
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
Friends
of Red House, 2000, Home - Friends Red House [online],
United Kingdom: Friends of Red House. Available from: www.friends-red-house.co.uk/
[Accessed 2nd March 2004]
Kennedy,
M., 2003, Key acquisition by National Trust [online],
United Kingdom: Guardian Unlimited. Available from:www.guardian.co.uk/arts/news/story/0,11711,879750,00.html
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
Moss,
R., 2003, Pre-Raphaelite Properties, Houses and Interiors
[online], United Kingdom: 24 Hour Museum. Available from: www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/trlout_gfx_en/TRA18191.html
[Accessed 2nd March 2004]
National
Museums, Liverpool, 2003-2004 Dante Gabriel Rossetti - Portraits
and Photographs of Jane Burden Morris [online], Liverpool:
National Museums, Liverpool. Available from: www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/walker/exhibitions/rossetti/works/morris.asp
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
The
National Trust, 2003, News - The Red House | The National
Trust [online], United Kingdom: The National Trust. Available
from: www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/news/red_house.html
[Accessed 2nd March 2004]
Nichols,
Dr K. L., 2002 Pre-Raphaelite Women: Models, Lovers, Art-Sisters
[online], Pittsburg: Pittsburg State University. Available from:
faculty.pittstate.edu/~knichols/lizzie.html
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
The
Pre-Raphaelite Society, 2002-4 Pre-RaphaeliteSociety.org
[online], Birmingham, United Kingdom: The Pre-Raphelite Society.
Available from: www.pre-raphaelitesociety.org
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
Silvester-Carr,
D., 2003, Red House: Denise Silvester-Carr visits the house
that proved an inspiration to many in the Arts and Crafts movement,
and which opens to the public on July 16th. [online], United
Kingdom: History Today Ltd. Available from:
www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/m1373/7_53/104730256/p1/article.jhtml
[Accessed 2nd March 2004]
The
Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings, 2004? The
Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings [online],
London: The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings.
Available from: www.spab.org.uk
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
Thurgood,
J., 2003 Brampton - St Martin's Church [online], United
Kingdom: Thurgood, J. Available from: www.visitcumbria.com/car/stmart.htm
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
The
William Morris Gallery, 1997, Photographs of Morris and Company
from the Gallery's collection [online], United Kingdom:
London Borough of Waltham Forest. Available from: www.lbwf.gov.uk/wmg/photos2.htm
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
The
William Morris Gallery, 1997, The William Morris Gallery
[online], United Kingdom: London Borough of Waltham Forest.
Available from: www.lbwf.gov.uk/wmg/home.htm
[Accessed
2nd March 2004]
William
Morris Society, 2003, William Morris Society: Red House
[online], Washington: William Morris Society. Available from:
www.morrissociety.org/redhouse.htm
[Accessed 2nd March 2004] |